New York Senator Chuck Schumer, a senior Democratic official, took a different view of the prospects for war by distinguishing between the nuclear and non-nuclear aspects of the agreement. Anyway, he asked whether or not we were better off with the agreement, and his conclusion was: “As far as the nuclear aspects of the agreement are concerned within ten years, we could be a little better off with him. However, as far as the nuclear aspects after ten years and the non-nuclear aspects are concerned, we would be better off without them. Schumer then evaluated the Iranian government and said, “Who said this dictatorship won`t prevail for ten, twenty or thirty years? Too great for me is the very real risk that Iran will not weaken and instead use the deal to pursue its nefarious goals. Schumer concluded: “I will vote to reject the deal, not because I believe war is a viable or desirable option, nor to challenge the path of diplomacy. That is because I believe Iran will not change, and under this agreement it will be able to achieve its dual goal of lifting sanctions while ultimately retaining its nuclear and non-nuclear energy. [199] The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; Persian: ?????? ???? ????? ?????, romanized: barn?meye j?me`e eqd?me moshtarak (?????, BARJAM)),[4][5] commonly known as Iran Nuclear Deal or Iran Deal, is an agreement on Iran`s nuclear program signed in Vienna on July 14, 2015 between Iran and the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council – China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States – plus Germany)[a] with the European Union. The 4. In August 2015, three prominent and closely watched Democrats in the Senate — Tim Kaine of Virginia (a member of the Foreign Relations Committee), Barbara Boxer of California (also a member of the Foreign Relations Committee) and Bill Nelson of Florida — announced their support for the deal.
[311] In a speech that day, Kaine said the agreement “any other alternative, including war, far ahead” and “America has respected its best traditions and shown that patient diplomacy can achieve what isolation and hostility cannot accomplish.” [311] In a similar speech on the same day, Nelson said, “I am convinced [that the deal] will prevent Iran from developing a nuclear weapon for at least the next 10 to 15 years. No other available alternative achieves this vital goal”[312][313] and “If the United States were to move away from this multinational agreement, I believe that with little credibility, we would find ourselves alone in the world.” [314] Conversely, another Senator from New York, Chuck Schumer, who was due to run for the leadership of the Democrats in the Senate,[205] announced his rejection of the agreement on August 6, writing: “There are strong arguments that we are better off without agreement than with just one.”[199][315] In a letter to the U.S. representative at the time, Mike Pompeo: The U.S. State Department has stated that the JCPOA “is not a treaty or an executive agreement and is not a signed document.” [388] Under the JCPOA, Iran agreed to eliminate its stockpile of medium-enriched uranium, reduce its stockpile of low-enriched uranium by 98 percent, and reduce the number of its gas centrifuges by about two-thirds for 13 years. Over the next 15 years, Iran will enrich uranium to just 3.67 percent. Iran also agreed not to build new heavy water facilities for the same period. Uranium enrichment activities will be limited to a single plant with first-generation centrifuges for 10 years. Other facilities are being rebuilt to avoid proliferation risks.
To monitor and verify Iran`s compliance with the agreement, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) will have regular access to all Iranian nuclear facilities. The deal stipulates that Iran will receive nuclear sanctions relief from the United States, the European Union and the United Nations Security Council in exchange for demonstrable compliance with its obligations. Immediately after the vote, Power told the Security Council that sanctions relief would not begin until Iran had “manifestly” complied with its obligations. The government also called on Iran to “immediately release all Americans unjustly detained,” including Amir Hekmati, Saeed Abedini and Jason Rezaian, who were detained by Iran, were detained at the time, and Robert A. Levinson, who is missing in the country. [150] [158] Hekmati, Abedini, and Rezaian were later released in January 2016 in a prisoner exchange that Secretary Kerry said had been accelerated by the nuclear deal. [159] One of the main objectives of the negotiations was the restrictions imposed on Iran`s major nuclear facilities: the IR-40 heavy water reactor and production plant (which was under construction but never commissioned, as Iran agreed under the November 2013 Joint Plan of Action (Interim Agreement) not to commission or burn the reactor); the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant; the gachin uranium mine; the Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant; the Isfahan uranium conversion plant; the Natanz uranium enrichment plant; and the Parchin Military Research and Development Complex. [48] Under U.S. law, the JCPOA is a non-binding political commitment. [161] [162] According to the U.S.
Department of State, this is explicitly not an executive agreement or treaty. [Citation needed] There is a lot of false information that this is an executive agreement. [163] [164] Unlike treaties that require two-thirds of the Senate to approve ratification, political commitments do not require congressional approval and are not legally binding under domestic law (although in some cases they may be binding on the United States). .